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James Joyce (Irish, lived France and Switzerland, 1882-1941)
March 8, 193920th century
20 5/8 in. x 16 5/8 in. (52.39 cm x 42.23 cm)
Gisèle Freund, German, (1908–2000)
Object Type:
Photographs
Creation Place:
Europe, France
Medium and Support:
dye transfer print on paper
Credit Line:
Carleton College Art Collection, gift of Raphael Bernstein
Accession Number:
1997.652
James Joyce, whose works include A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Finnegans Wake, is a major influence in modern writing and one of the great innovators in the art of the novel. Ulysses is regarded as a masterpiece of world literature.
Keywords
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This object has the following keywords:
20th Century,
21st Century,
Contemporary*,
dye transfer prints*,
dye transfer process*,
French*,
German*,
paper (fiber product)*,
photographic paper*,
photographs*
- 20th Century
- 21st Century
- Contemporary - Refers to painting, sculpture, graphic arts, and architecture dating from the recent past and present. It differs from modern art in that the term 'contemporary art' does not carry the implication of a non-traditional style, but instead refers only to the time period in which the work was created. 'Modern' and 'contemporary' are inherently fluid terms. The term 'contemporary' is sometimes more narrowly used to refer to art from ca. 1960 or 1970 up to the present.
- dye transfer prints - Photomechanical prints made by the dye transfer process.
- dye transfer process - Photomechanical process in which gelatin relief matrices are made by a bichromate process from color separation negatives or positives; a full-color print is then made by transferring dye from the matrices, in register, to a support.
- French - Refers to the culture of the modern nation of France, or in general to cultures that have occupied the area of the modern nation in western Europe.
- German - Refers to the culture of the modern nation of Germany, or in general to the cultures that have occupied the area of the modern nation in central Europe. More broadly, it can refer to the cultures of the ancient groups of related peoples who inhabited central and northern Europe, and who spoke dialects from which the Germanic or Teutonic languages developed.
- paper (fiber product) - Refers generally to all types of matted or felted sheets or webs of fiber formed and dried on a fine screen from a pulpy water suspension. The fibers may be animal, such as hair, silk or wool, or mineral, such as asbestos, or synthetic. However most paper is made from cellulosic plant fiber, such as from wood pulp, grass, cotton, linen, and straw.
- photographic paper - Paper used for making photographic prints that consists of a base material with a white or near-white surface that is coated with one or more emulsion layers. It is typically a high grade of paper traditionally made from 100% cotton or linen rags, because lignin and other residues in other paper would react with the photosensitive salts and destroy the image. Photographic paper is strong, uniform, and dimensionally stable when wet and dry. For increased wet-strength, the papers are sized with animal glue, starch, stearic acid, or synthetic resins, such as melamine (used since 1948). One or more fillers, such as barium sulfate, titanium dioxide, clay, starch, or polyacrylamide, are also added for opacity, color, and strength. The papers were calendered to produce a smooth, nonporous surface. Since the late 1960s, most color photographic papers have been made from cellulose fibers coated on both sides with polyethylene.
-
photographs
- Refers to still images produced from radiation-sensitive materials (sensitive to light, electron beams, or nuclear radiation), generally by means of the chemical action of light on a sensitive film, paper, glass, or metal. It does not include reproductive prints of documents and technical drawings, for which descriptors found under "
" are more appropriate. Photographs may be positive or negative, opaque or transparent.
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